U.S. Air Force Academy Cadets Immerse in Realistic Combat Simulation During Annual CULEX Exercise The U.S. Air Force Academy's Culminating Training Exercise, CULEX, transformed its grounds into a simulated combat zone, challenging nearly 4,000 cadets with complex missions and real-world scenarios to hone their leadership and decision-making skills. The U.S. Air Force Academy (USAFA) recently concluded its extensive annual Culminating Training Exercise, known as CULEX, providing cadets with an immersive and realistic experience of combat scenarios. This year's large-scale exercise, which ran from April 15 to April 18, involved nearly 4,000 cadets operating 24 hours a day in a simulated war environment. The exercise meticulously crafted a challenging operational setting where upperclassmen took on leadership roles, directing complex missions and guiding their younger counterparts through the simulated conflict. The vast expanse of the 18,500-acre USAFA campus, typically recognized for its scenic location in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains, was transformed into Hokkaido, a Japanese island purportedly under attack by enemy forces. Colonel Jennifer Hall, the director of CULEX, emphasized the comprehensive nature of the exercise, stating that the entirety of USAFA was utilized to provide adequate space for all 4,000 cadets to operate effectively throughout the duration of the simulation. The scenario posits that Japan has requested U.S. assistance as a defensive force. Within this elaborate war game, four established airfields served as central hubs, delineating four joint operating areas, or JOAs. Each JOA was tasked with defending an airfield, two high-value assets, and a downed airman, requiring approximately 800 cadets to coordinate their efforts. The exercise deliberately introduced multifaceted challenges, mirroring real-world complexities such as dealing with injured personnel and confronting simulated enemy incursions by a dedicated 'Red Force.' This 'Red Force' was comprised of cadets from a specific squadron, tasked with actively harassing and complicating the efforts of the opposing cadets, a role they reportedly embraced with enthusiasm and effectiveness. Colonel Hall highlighted the core objective of CULEX: to push cadets to prioritize and make critical decisions under pressure, with the 'Red Force' actively working to disrupt and challenge these decision-making processes. The realism extended beyond the strategic planning, encompassing the physical environment as well. Colonel Hall explained the setup included around 15 tents designed to create an austere, expeditionary setting, featuring two tactical operations centers, a medical tent, and a warming tent. Notably, for the first time, sleeping tents were also incorporated, allowing cadets to remain overnight and fully immerse themselves in the operational tempo. The exercise incorporated diverse roles for the cadets; some were engaged in aerial operations, including flying simulated aircraft and deploying parachutists, while on the ground, hundreds of cadets armed with airsoft guns defended their camps and managed radio communications from troops under simulated attack. Simultaneously, students in mission control utilized advanced technologies like drones and mapping systems to address and solve complex, real-world-inspired problems. Colonel Hall underscored the critical importance of such hands-on training, stating, "The only way to prepare for the fight that we're in, or the future fight, is to develop the training necessary where they can experience it real time, in the woods, in the field." Now in its second year, CULEX has shifted its focus from a pass-or-fail evaluation to an emphasis on cultivating confidence, teamwork, and leadership skills. This multi-domain tactical exercise is meticulously designed to replicate the diverse environments that future Space Force and Air Force officers are likely to encounter. Reflecting on the impact of the training, Colonel Hall concluded, "For our seniors, in 44 days, they're going to graduate, and they're going to go off, and they're going to be officers in our Space Force and Air Force— how much more equipped they're going to be to lead, to face complicated problems, to know that they can do what's difficult.