Trump Attends and Abruptly Departs Supreme Court Hearing

Donald Trump became the first sitting president to attend oral arguments before the Supreme Court on Wednesday. The court heard arguments regarding the constitutionality of an order issued by Trump seeking to end birthright citizenship.

Focus of the Arguments

The central question before the justices was whether children born in the United States to parents who are not legally present automatically become American citizens. This issue, long considered settled by legal precedent, has been revived through recent legal challenges.

Solicitor General Presents Government’s Case

Trump attended only the portion of the arguments presented by the government. He departed shortly after U.S. Solicitor General John Sauer concluded his presentation, before the plaintiff’s counsel had a chance to speak.

Who is John Sauer?

John Sauer is the federal government’s top advocate before the Supreme Court. Appointed by President Trump in April 2025, he previously served as Missouri’s solicitor general from 2017 to 2023. Prior to his government service, Sauer clerked for the late Justice Antonin Scalia and Judge J. Michael Luttig.

The 14th Amendment at Issue

The case centers on the interpretation of the 14th Amendment, which states that “all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof,” are citizens. The Supreme Court has historically interpreted this language broadly, affirming citizenship for children of non-citizen parents in an 1898 ruling.

Differing Interpretations

Critics of birthright citizenship focus on the phrase “subject to the jurisdiction,” arguing for a narrower interpretation. Supporters of the challenge contend the Constitution does not guarantee citizenship to all children born on U.S. soil, regardless of their parents’ immigration status. Opponents warn that altering this standard would affect millions and overturn decades of precedent.

International Context: Canada’s Policy

Canada operates a similar birthright citizenship policy, granting citizenship to most children born on Canadian soil regardless of their parents’ immigration status. However, there are exceptions, such as children born to foreign diplomats.