Archaeologists in the Netherlands have made a remarkable discovery during an archive cataloguing project at the Valkhof Museum in Nijmegen: a Roman-era phallus sculpture carved from bone. This is the first known example of its kind, as most Roman phallus sculptures are made from stone or wood.

A Unique Archaeological Find

The artifact, approximately 7.8 inches long, dates back 1,800 to 2,000 years to the Roman period. It was found hidden within an uncatalogued storage box, part of a larger collection of relics from excavations across the Gelderland province.

Nijmegen's Roman History

The discovery highlights the rich history of Nijmegen, once known as Noviomagus, a vital administrative and military center for the Roman Empire on its northern frontier. The Valkhof Museum’s archive contains roughly 16,000 unopened containers, promising further significant finds.

Roman Attitudes Towards the Phallus

The sculpture’s existence sheds light on Roman cultural attitudes towards the phallus. Romans frequently depicted male genitalia in their art without shame, often viewing it as a symbol of protection against the 'Evil Eye'.

Ilse Schuuring, the provincial archaeologist, confirmed this cultural acceptance in a statement. These depictions were common on homes, jewelry, and other everyday objects.

Beyond the Phallus: Other Discoveries

The ongoing cataloguing project has already revealed other fascinating artifacts, including well-preserved “face beakers” – drinking vessels decorated with human faces – and various decorative cups and bowls. Only around 300 of the 16,000 storage boxes have been examined so far.

Future Research and Significance

Experts believe the bone likely originated from an animal, such as a cow or goat. The discovery underscores the importance of continued archaeological work in revealing the region’s history. Archaeologists anticipate finding more similar artifacts as they continue to process the museum’s extensive archive.

The meticulous documentation and preservation of these artifacts will allow for a deeper understanding of Roman culture, its influence on the region, and the integration of Roman traditions into the local population’s daily lives.