A novel strain of COVID-19, designated as the BA 3.2 variant and nicknamed “cicada,” has now been identified across a minimum of 25 states in the United States. This development follows the variant's initial detection in South Africa in November 2024.

Timeline and Spread of the 'Cicada' Variant

Experts confirmed that the mutation was first observed within the U.S. borders in June 2025. Infections linked to this variant began to rise in the United States starting in September 2025, according to reports.

Evidence of Circulation

The presence of BA 3.2 was confirmed through various surveillance methods. These included nasal swabs from four travelers, five clinical patient samples, and 132 wastewater samples collected across the 25 states.

Furthermore, three separate airplane wastewater samples also tested positive for the circulating strain.

CDC Concerns Regarding Immune Evasion

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) noted that this specific mutation might possess the capability to bypass antibodies generated from previous vaccinations or prior infections.

The CDC stated, “New SARS-CoV-2 variants with substantial capacity to evade immunity from previous infections or vaccines could be associated with seasonal increases in COVID-19 activity.” They emphasized that robust surveillance remains crucial for preparedness and informing necessary vaccine updates.

Origin of the 'Cicada' Nickname

Dr. Robert H. Hopkins Jr., medical director for the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, explained the variant's moniker. BA 3.2 was called “cicada” because it largely remained “underground” or undetected following its initial discovery.

Symptoms and Severity Assessment

The symptoms associated with the cicada variant closely mirror those seen with other circulating COVID-19 strains. Common indicators include a sore throat, headache, fatigue, sneezing, and changes in the sense of smell or taste.

Dr. Hopkins clarified that there is currently no data suggesting BA 3.2 is inherently more severe than other contemporary variants. He specifically mentioned that a “severe sore throat is reported as a common symptom along with other typical COVID symptoms.”

Context of Respiratory Illnesses

Data from the 2024–2025 respiratory virus season indicated significant impact from circulating viruses. This season resulted in an estimated 390,000 to 550,000 hospitalizations and between 45,000 and 64,000 deaths.