Consumer Reports offers expert guidance to help you master your dishwasher, covering everything from loading techniques to detergent choices, and maximizing cleaning effectiveness.

Optimizing Dishwasher Performance

Navigating the world of dishwashing can be surprisingly complex. Consumer Reports deputy home editor Paul Hope provides expert advice to help achieve optimal dishwashing results.

Loading Techniques for Success

Many people inadvertently load their dishwashers incorrectly, leading to less-than-stellar cleaning. Hope emphasizes the importance of proper loading techniques and avoiding inappropriate items to maintain efficiency.

A common debate is whether to pre-rinse dishes. Hope unequivocally advises against pre-rinsing. Modern dishwashers have soil sensors that rely on food particles to determine the necessary cleaning intensity. Pre-rinsing can actually compromise performance by depriving the dishwasher of the soil it needs to gauge cleaning needs. Scraping off large remnants is advisable, but small particles are beneficial.

The largest and dirtiest dishes should be placed on the lower rack, where water pressure is highest. Avoid stacking items to ensure effective cleaning. Smaller items like glasses, mugs, and plastic items should be placed face down on the upper rack to prevent melting or discoloration.

Silverware Placement

When loading silverware, Hope recommends placing spoons and forks with handles down and knives with handles up. Dishwasher-safe stemware can also be safely placed inside.

Items to Avoid

Certain items should never be placed in a dishwasher. These include wooden items, serrated knives, cast iron cookware, and nonstick pans. The high heat of the drying cycle can cause damage. Cast iron can pit and rust, and nonstick coatings can deteriorate.

Cast iron can be washed with warm water and soap if necessary, while steel and ceramic cookware should be cleaned with non-abrasive powders.

Detergent Choices & Maintenance

The choice of detergent also plays a crucial role. Consumer Reports tests show that affordable options can perform as well as, or even better than, leading brands. Gain Ultra earned the same rating as Dawn Ultra at a lower price. Walmart's Great Value and Target’s Up & Up also compete with more expensive brands like Cascade.

To further optimize cleaning, run hot water from the sink before starting the dishwasher. This ensures the water entering the dishwasher is already hot, improving cleaning and drying. Regular maintenance, such as cleaning the filter every six months, is also essential.